Origin of the Jutes

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Pax
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Origin of the Jutes

Post by Pax »

Merry Yuletide to all. I recently pondered the origins of the Jutes and their name, as I happen to be a Jute. The Oera Linda Book gives some clues. From ch. 47.06:
Those who lived in the east of the Denmarks were called Jutters (JUTTAR), because almost all they did was to ‘jut’ (or: collect) (JUTTA) amber (BÀRNSTÉN) on the shores.
JUTTAR became modern Danish Jyder and Dutch strandjutter, which means “beach thief”, perhaps due to the bad connotations that collecting things on the beach developed; or perhaps it was always despised. There is still a Jutish tradition of searching beaches with metal scanners. An alternative meaning of JUTTA was possibly “burn” or “polish”. Danish Bernsten, from Fryas BÀRNSTÉN, is short for Brændesten “burnstone”. When amber is burnt, it gives off a pleasant scent. To make it into jewellery, it is burnt and then grinded and polished.

Jote (Old Norse jōtar) is an old way to say Jyde. It was also spelt Jotne. Old Danish historians equated them with the Jotnar, the giant supernatural folk of Norse Mythology, in modern Danish Jætter. They were considered the oldest people in the North (of Finnish ancestry), as opposed to the Goths, the Fryas people in the North (source); although the OLB describes the Fryas as the oldest inhabitants. Perhaps the Far North was meant, as the OLB says that modern Finland was hardly populated before the arrival of the Finns.

Jote could also mean Western Jutes, whereas the Goths would mean the Eastern Jutes; maybe there is an ancient relationship between the Jutes and Goths yet to be researched, similar to the ancient relationship between the Finns and Fryas? Side note: The Goths were likely named after a woman named Goda.

The Jutes described in ch. 47.06 are the ancient Jutes that still lived in the Baltic. Ch. 145.25 describes how they ended up in modern Jutland:
After the great flood of which my father wrote, many Jutters (JUTTAR) and Lets (LÉTNE) had been carried out of the ‘Balda’ (Baltic) or ‘Angry’ Sea with the ebb. Near Kate’s Gate, floating in their boats with the ice, they ran aground at the Denmarks, and there they remained. Because they did not see any people there, they took possession of the land and named it Jutterland, after themselves. Later, many Denmarkers did return from the highlands, but they resettled more to the south. And when the navigators who had not perished came back, they joined together and went to the Sealands, or ‘Ealands’. Through this turn of events, the Jutters were able to hold the land whither Wralda had carried them.
The OLB tells us that the Jutes and Lets were old neighbours. Let is probably related to Latvia (Letland in Danish and Dutch) and Lithuania (Lettow in Old Saxon). Estonia is in Danish and Dutch called Estland, or “Eastland”; and the Jutes lived in the “east of the Denmarks”. Perhaps the Jutes' homeland was roughly modern Estonia, and the Lets' homeland roughly modern Latvia and Lithuania. Because the Estonian language is part of the Finnic language family, the Jutes in Eastland probably mixed with the Finns. This mixing might have created the association between Jutes, Jotnar and Finns. The Jotnar lived in Jotunheim in the far north and were associated with the supernatural, similar to how Finnish mythology is animistic.
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ott
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Re: Origin of the Jutes

Post by ott »

Wholesome wheeltide indeed.

Dutch does have the verb jutten for beachcombing, which etymologists think to be derived from the ethnonym, contrary to what OL suggests.

The term became well known in NL from a 1976 TV series.
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Pax
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Re: Origin of the Jutes

Post by Pax »

Thanks. I have corrected my post.
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Re: Origin of the Jutes

Post by Nordic »

There indeed exists a linguistic argument that ancients thought for the jätte/jättiläinen ('giant'), ettin, Jute/juutti, Goth, Getae all come from one root tribe, or are the descriptors for further tribal split-offs of it. The Finnish etymology for giant is somewhat similar, from jättää or jätti 'to leave behind'. There is also the 'jute cloth', perhaps from a similar naming practise as the 'Hessian cloth'?

Paul the Deacon of the Langobard/Lombard/Longbeard lineage details the movement of peoples ouf of Scandinavia (equated with toponym 'Germany' in his book), describing a movements of peoples along the Baltic Sea coastline. The first two Ibor and Aio (Old Norse, Rígsþula Ái, Finnish and SKVR Äijä 'Old Man' for Ukko) are followed by Lamissio/Laiamicho/Lamicho battling the Amazons, with the veiled swan-maiden element noted by William Foulke, believed by academics to be based on Kvenland Finns (Latin Lammekinus 'Lemminkäinen', in Bible OT language Lamech/Lemek), in poetry Lemminkäinen dies while on mission by Louhi (Laufey) mistress of North hunting for Underworld swan (lines 140-145 here). This is followed by king Lethu, who shares the name with the Oera Linda LÉTNE people. Edit: it was pointed to me that the previous Lamissio-Lemminkäinen's full title is Lieto Lemminkäinen, perhaps due to the same narrative roots.
Lethu.jpg
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